Perfecting the Appearance of Light and Dark Rums Using Spectrophotometric Technology

Rum ranges dramatically in colour, clarity, and flavor, from clear as water and virtually tasteless to deep brown and rich in complex flavors. In fact, you can often tell a great deal about the flavor profile and quality of rum simply by looking at the colour and clarity of the liquid inside of the bottle. This is why most rum producers distill, filter, and age their rum carefully in order to achieve the perfect appearance. However, a multitude of factors affects the appearance of rum before it is bottled, potentially compromising both the look and taste of the product. For example, if the rum spends too much time in the barrel or it hasn’t been filtered enough, then it may not be as rich in colour or as clear as the producer would like and the taste may not be what customers expect.  

In order to achieve correct and consistent appearance of rums, many manufacturers are turning to spectrophotometric technology. Whether you want to create perfect clarity in a bottle of light rum or you need to ensure that your dark spiced rum is the same shade of amber after it’s removed from the barrel, spectrophotometers can help you reach your goals.

Light vs. Dark Rum: Addressing Different Colour Measurement Challenges

High-quality light rum is usually completely colorless and clear—in fact, the clearer and purer the rum appears, the better the perception of quality is for the product.1 However, the same is not true of dark rum. Connoisseurs of dark rum usually look for translucent, rich caramel colours in the bottle, as this is a sign that the rum has aged for a number of years in a barrel. To achieve consistency in your rum products, you need to consider the best analytical techniques for each style of rum that you produce and tailor your colour quality control protocol accordingly.

Testing the Colour of Light Rum

After rum has been distilled, it is naturally clear and almost completely free of colour. To make light rum, producers simply filter and bottle the product immediately after distillation or store the rum in steel vats to prevent it from oxidizing and becoming too dark in colour. However, if the rum is exposed to too much oxygen after distillation or it isn’t filtered enough, then it may appear yellow or amber in colour or may develop a haze. This can seriously compromise both the desirability and usability of the product; consumers looking for a light rum typically want a product that is completely clear and nearly tasteless, as it is often used to add sweetness and alcohol to mixed cocktail drinks without adding any other complex flavors. To ensure that a light rum has the appearance customers are seeking, it is therefore essential to test both colour and haze. A spectrophotometer that is capable of testing for both will be the best choice for light rum producers.

Testing the Colour of Dark Rum

Unlike light rum, dark rum should be rich in colour. Some dark rum is clear shortly after distillation and grows darker in colour as a result of barrel aging, which encourages oxidation and the development of complex flavors. Other dark rum is made from brown sugar or molasses, making it take on a dark colour shortly after distillation. Barrel aging can then produce even deeper hues and distinctive tastes. This is important for dark rum manufacturers, as most consumers of dark rum are looking for a bold-flavored product that they can drink straight or use in cooking. However, the deep psychological connection between colour and taste leads many rum manufacturers to us food dyes to achieve the perfect shade of amber if it cannot be reached through barrel aging alone, helping to ensure aesthetic appeal and suggest a flavorful product.2 However, rum that contains no artificial colours are becoming more popular among choosy consumers. As a result, many manufacturers are seeking to improve the colour consistency of their products without adding artificial colours; you can use a spectrophotometer to help you achieve this goal.

The challenge that dark rum manufacturers face is that barrel aging doesn’t always produce a uniform product. If the rum is aged for just a few months longer than usual or the barrel used in the aging process has an especially high toast level, then the rum will appear darker in colour than expected. Time and materials may also produce products that are much lighter than usual. As a result, your dark rum may vary significantly in colour from one year to the next. To prevent this and produce rum with greater consistency, you can use a colour measurement spectrophotometer throughout the manufacturing process to test how your rum develops in colour as it ages. This not only improves the consistency of your products, it also can help you refine your manufacturing process and create more complex-tasting rum.

Clarity is not a top priority in dark rums.

Choosing the Right Instrument

While the quality control process for light and dark rums may differ slightly due to different aesthetic priorities, HunterLab offers an ideal instrument for analyzing both types of rum: the Vista. The Vista is the most reliable transmission colour measurement instrument available, allowing you to detect and quantify even the slightest colour variation in light rums. This gives you the opportunity to identify whether your product is beginning to oxidize. However, the Vista is also designed to measure haze; in fact, it is the only spectrophotometer that allows you to capture haze and colour data in a single measurement, drastically improving the efficiency of the quality control process. Based on haze data, you can determine the clarity of your light rum and decide whether it needs to be further filtered to achieve the ideal look. This information can then be used to refine processing of future products.

While clarity isn’t as important when you create a dark rum product, the colour of these rums must be consistent. The Vista is a perfect choice here too, as it is capable of analyzing full visible-range transmission colour, ensuring that your rum is the perfect shade of amber. Significantly, the Vista can be incorporated at multiple points in the manufacturing process to monitor colour development in dark rums. For example, you may measure the colour of your rum shortly after distillation to analyze whether it has been distilled properly and its appearance is consistent with previous batches.3 You can then measure the colour of the rum throughout the barrel aging process and remove it once your colour standard is reached. The colour data you gain also allows you to correlate colour with process variables in order to perfect your manufacturing techniques, ultimately giving you the ability to improve the quality of your products while optimizing the efficiency of operators.

Additionally, testing the colour of your rum throughout the manufacturing process may eliminate the need for additional food coloring due to your improved ability to naturally produce the hue you want. In today’s market, this can significantly heighten the appeal of your products. And, if you choose to use colour additives at the end of the process, you can also test that you’re adding just the right amount of food dye into the product to consistently achieve the appearance your customers are looking for.

HunterLab Quality

Do you want to improve the appearance of your rum products? Contact HunterLab to find out more about our transmission colour measurement instruments. For more than 60 years, we have worked closely with the beverage industry to find solutions to your unique challenges and enhance your ability to create products of the highest quality. Our spectrophotometers, includingthe innovative new Vista, will help you produce appealing rum products that meet the standards of today’s discerning consumers while refining your manufacturing methods in the process.