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"What Standard Do I Use to Verify Yellowness Index Performance?"

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"Recognizing the Importance of Color in Packaging Sets Your Brand up for Success"

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"Smart Spectrophotometers Offer a Better Way to Measure the Color of Cookies"

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"Spectrophotometry Ensures Consistent Mortar Coloration"

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"Understanding Optical Geometries and Choosing the Right Spectrophotometer for Effective Data"

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"Using Hitch Standardization to Ensure Color Consistency Across Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sites"

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"Using Spectrophotometers to Create Consistency in Colored Contact Lenses"

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What Standard Do I Use to Verify Yellowness Index Performance?

Posted on Feb 11, 2026 by HunterLab

The Yellowness Index from ASTM International provides a measurable standard for assessing the yellowness in white or light-colored materials, such as plastics. This standard determines the degree of yellowness present, allowing companies to perform quality control processes to maintain product consistency. The test uses a spectrophotometer to quantify the color measurement.

The APHA color system is the most common measurement scale for measuring yellowness in liquids. It serves industries ranging from chemical production to pharmaceutical development.

Materials That Require Yellowness Observations

Various plastics require yellowness observations due to the changes these materials undergo in processing. These plastics include:

  • Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  • Polycarbonate (PC)
  • Purified terephthalic acid (PTA)
  • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

Yellowness appears in PET due to oxidation. With the increasing use of recycled PET (rPET), manufacturers must measure color to counter yellowness and determine the correct ratio of optical brighteners required to mitigate it.

What Is the Yellowness Index?

The Yellowness Index (YI) measures yellowness due to product changes. The ASTM E313 Yellowness Index is the most common method for determining yellowness in materials like plastics. The standard gives defined indices for measuring the shift from ideal white. It is calculated according to the following formula:

YI = (100CxX - CzZ)/Y

The X, Y, and Z variables are CIE Tristimulus values, which express color and how it is perceived. Cx and Cz depend on the illuminant and observer. During calculations, users choose the values for these coefficients from a table to correspond with spectrophotometer settings. The ASTM E313 combines the calculations into a single value, defining the yellowness amount in a sample. The lower the number, the less yellow the material is.

The YI value is commonly reported as the difference in yellowness between a product sample and the original or reference, designated as delta YI (∆YI).

Posted in Plastic

Recognizing the Importance of Color in Packaging Sets Your Brand up for Success

Posted on Feb 10, 2026 by HunterLab

Apple’s distinctive boxes serve as a prime example of the importance of color in packaging. Image Source: Flickr user Brett Jordan

One of the most widespread concepts in business is the seven-second rule — people make vital decisions within the first seven seconds of encountering a product, and what happens in that time can either nurture long-term consumer loyalty or turn would-be customers off for good.

However, most consumers’ first contact isn’t with the product, but with its packaging. This element is vital to differentiating your brand and its offerings.

For example, many more people would likely recognize the signature blue of a Tiffany & Co. box than the jewelry it may contain. As such, packaging design is often just as important as the product design, shaping consumer perception from the first touch point. With more products than ever competing for space in the marketplace, smart packaging design choices can be the deciding factor in product success, and spectrophotometric analysis helps ensure that your vision becomes reality.

Harnessing the Power of Color in Packaging

Packaging color choice isn’t arbitrary, and it goes beyond simply selecting an aesthetically pleasing color. Instead, designers must draw on both deeply ingrained color psychology and a preexisting visual lexicon of product associations to create packaging that speaks to the consumer in a language they understand.

Brands use colors to project a specific message. For instance, soft drink brands typically use blue for low-sugar options, green for lemon-lime flavors, and red for cola. Similarly, consumers associate green with pine scent in household cleaners and yellow with citrusy aromas in dishwashing detergent. Packaging also shapes consumer choices in prescription drugs, where it can influence perceptions of quality and performance.

Yet, it's essential to remember how these conceptions can shift over time. The sleek, minimalist, white packaging of Apple products is one that brands often shunned before because it was associated with store-brand or “generic” offerings. It's therefore possible to redefine these perceptions while simultaneously becoming defined by specific color choices.

Posted in Color Measurement

Smart Spectrophotometers Offer a Better Way to Measure the Color of Cookies

Posted on Feb 10, 2026 by HunterLab

Color plays a significant role in communicating food quality. Consumers can easily identify an underbaked or overbaked cookie by its abnormal color and texture, knowing these elements will impact its taste. On the other hand, individuals will associate a perfectly caramelized cookie with a high-quality product that likely tastes great. 

How a cookie looks directly impacts consumer buying habits. You can use a color spectrophotometer to measure the color of your cookie samples to ensure they project a consistent and desirable appearance.

Challenges of Measuring Cookie Color

While measuring cookie color is vital for producing a high-quality product, this process can pose several challenges to manufacturers:

  • Irregular texture: Cookies have many inconsistent characteristics that make color analysis more difficult, such as their varying shapes, sizes, and highly textured surfaces. To the naked eye, it's nearly impossible to make an accurate color determination.
  • Time commitment: Large-scale cookie manufacturers must analyze thousands of cookies each year. Measuring the color of cookie samples one at a time can be extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Equipment wear and tear: Normal wear and tear can impact your color measurement device's performance, leading to inaccurate measurements. 

Posted in Color In Chemical Industry

Spectrophotometry Ensures Consistent Mortar Coloration

Posted on Feb 10, 2026 by HunterLab

The color of mortar contributes to the aesthetic of any brick structure. Image Credit: Unsplash user Francesco Mazzoli

It’s the same old story. Brick gets all the press, but it’s really the mortar that’s holding everything together. Which means that, for architects, contractors, homeowners, and mortar manufacturers, the color of mortar is every bit as important to the overall aesthetic of a structure as the color of brick. While few may notice or comment on a mortar color that perfectly complements the hue of a building’s brick, incorrectly colored mortar can become glaringly obvious to even the casual observer. For this reason, contractors pay close attention to the mortar color specified by architects and desired by homeowners. Manufacturers, therefore, must closely monitor their products to ensure they continually produce the mortar colors they advertise. This is especially true for manufacturers who fill special color orders from architects, mixing to the preference of their customers.

Architects choose mortar to match the color of their materials. Image Credit: Unsplash User Mike Tinnion

Posted in Color In Building Materials

Understanding Optical Geometries and Choosing the Right Spectrophotometer for Effective Data

Posted on Feb 06, 2026 by HunterLab

Selecting the right spectrophotometer requires understanding the optical geometries available in to ensure the instrument is compatible with your needs. Image Source: Unsplash user Sean Brown

Spectrophotometers have changed the way color is evaluated and are an integral part of product research, development, and manufacturing across industries and around the world. The advanced spectral analysis made possible by these instruments allows for unprecedented color quality control while simultaneously increasing efficiency and offering significant opportunities for cost-saving. However, the specific type of spectrophotometer you select can have a great impact on your color measurement abilities and results.1 Choosing the correct instrument for your purposes requires an understanding of optical geometries and how they affect your ability to obtain the data you need.

A 45/0 spectrophotometer automatically accounts for geometric attributes like gloss to measure color appearance. Image Source: Flickr user Nick Pateman

Posted in Color Measurement

Using Hitch Standardization to Ensure Color Consistency Across Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sites

Posted on Feb 06, 2026 by HunterLab

Large-scale pharmaceutical companies benefit from using Hitch Standardization because these calculations help ensure product color consistency across multiple lab locations. Image Source: Shutterstock user Intarapong

If you’ve ever purchased your favorite brand of over-the-counter medication while you’re on vacation, you know that brand-name pills, powders, and liquids often look exactly the same no matter where you are in the world. Even when you travel thousands of miles away, your preferred brand of allergy tablets will likely be the same reliable shade of bright orange, whether you’re buying the tablets in London or New York. In order to supply medications to these many different cities, large-scale pharmaceutical companies typically operate hundreds of manufacturing facilities around the world.  

But with so many different manufacturing facilities, how do pharmaceutical companies maintain precise color consistency in their products? They accomplish this by standardizing their manufacturing and testing process. More specifically, large-scale companies use methods like Hitch Standardization to ensure that all of their manufacturing facilities perform color quality control tests in precisely the same way. By standardizing the color quality control process across different manufacturing locations using Hitch Standardization, you can produce medications that are perfectly consistent in color.

How Color Consistency Benefits the Pharmaceutical Industry and Consumers

Color quality control is a vital aspect of the pharmaceutical industry. Not only can consistent color be a sign of proper formulation and a significant safety mechanism, it also deeply impacts consumer perception of medication. Additionally, manufacturers of brand name medications rely on color consistency to help them gain a greater share of the market and establish their brand identity in the eyes of their customers. For these manufacturers, the product’s unique trade dress (the appearance of the product) could significantly increase a customer’s loyalty and trust in the brand.1

And color consistency isn’t just important for over-the-counter medication manufacturers; pharmaceutical companies that produce prescription drugs also have to ensure that their products are consistent in color, in part due to the effect color has on both patient behavior, including adherence. For example, studies have shown that people are more likely to take their prescribed medications as prescribed when they see that their pills are the same color every time they refill their prescriptions at the pharmacy.2 If the pill color suddenly changes, then people are less likely to take them as prescribed. As such, color consistency isn’t merely a marketing tool—it can have a very real impact on patient health and wellbeing.

Large-Scale Manufacturers Often Struggle with Color Consistency

Although color consistency is critical in the pharmaceutical industry, it can be very difficult to achieve, especially for large-scale companies. Many large pharmaceutical companies manage hundreds of different test labs and manufacturing facilities around the world. For example, Johnson & Johnson oversees a network of 120 separate manufacturing facilities in more than 60 different countries.3 With so many manufacturing and testing facilities operating simultaneously, it can be challenging to identify and enforce consistent sample measurement standards. This is why many pharmaceutical companies use Hitch Standardization to ensure that every product they create is being measured in exactly the same way.

You can gain better color quality control over your pharmaceutical products when you test these products using a standard, well-defined method. Image Source: Shutterstock user showcake

Posted in Color In Pharmaceuticals

Using Spectrophotometers to Create Consistency in Colored Contact Lenses

Posted on Feb 06, 2026 by HunterLab

Spectrophotometers can help you determine how translucent or opaque your contact lens pigmentation is, improving quality. Image Source: Unsplash user Daniil Avilov

Using colored contact lenses, a professional cosplayer is able to completely transform her appearance within seconds. One moment, she’s a brunette with rich brown eyes. But after popping on a pair of bright purple contact lenses (with a wig to match), she suddenly transforms into a cartoonish alien character that barely resembles herself.

Since the invention of cosmetic colored contact lenses in 1969, cosplayers, makeup artists, Halloween trick-or-treaters, and everyday contact lens users have used colored contacts to alter their original eye color.1 However, in order to completely cover someone’s natural eye color, these contact lenses need to have enough pigment to hide the iris’ original hue. This can be a complicated and difficult process for manufacturers; if they don’t inject enough pigment into the lens, the final effect will look muddy while injecting too much may look unnatural. Even if you’re making semi-translucent lenses that are only meant to enhance the wearer’s natural eye color, pigment accuracy is still vital. You have to ensure that the colors look subtle, appealing, and completely natural. Analyzing your lenses using spectrophotometric instrumentation helps you achieve the perfect pigment balance to ensure your customers can create their ideal look.

Unusual patterns are almost always made using fully-opaque contact lens dyes. Image Source: Wikimedia user Anime Evolution

Posted in Color In Pharmaceuticals
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